Which of the following is NOT a type of rigid roofing material?

Rigid roofing materials are characterized by their structural ability to maintain shape and provide insulation and protection against the elements. Choices like clay, aluminum, and steel are all considered rigid materials. Clay tiles, for instance, are durable and add aesthetic value while providing excellent weather resistance. Aluminum and steel are both metals known for their strength and longevity, often used in commercial roofing applications due to their rigidity and resistance to harsh weather conditions.

In contrast, rubber is not a rigid roofing material; it is typically more flexible and used in various applications, such as single-ply roofing systems. Rubber roofing can adapt to the underlying structure's movements and is effective for waterproofing but does not provide the same level of rigidity as the other materials mentioned. This understanding of roofing material types and their applications is crucial for effective disaster risk assessment and management regarding roofing resilience in catastrophe estimatics.